Статья: A new link activation policy for latency reduction in 5G integrated access and backhaul systems (2024)

Average equations of motion of relativistic charged particles in the field of HF (high frequency) wave packets are obtained in the range of cyclotron resonance in the case of strong LF (low frequency) electric field. Strong electric field means that the characteristic velocity of the particle comparable with the electric drift velocity (

The article discusses a mathematical model and a finite-difference scheme for the heating process of an infinite plate. The disadvantages of using the classical parabolic heat equation for this case and the rationale for using the hyperbolic heat equation are given. The relationship between the hyperbolic thermal conductivity equation and the theory of equations with the retarded argument (delay equation) is shown. The considered mixed equation has 2 parts: parabolic and hyperbolic. Difference schemes use an integro-interpolation method to reduce errors. The problem with a nonlinear thermal conductivity coefficient was chosen as the initial boundaryvalue problem. The heat source in the parabolic part of the equation is equal to 0, and in the hyperbolic part of the equation sharp heating begins. The initial boundary-value problem with boundary conditions of the third kind in an infinite plate with nonlinear coefficients is formulated and numerically solved. An iterative method for solving the problem is described. A visual graph of the solution results is presented. A theoretical justification for the difference scheme is given. Also we consider the case of the nonlinear mixed equation of the fourth order.

The problem of finding equilibrium configurations of one-component charged particles, induced by external electrostatic fields in planar systems, is a subject of active studies in fundamental as well in experimental investigations. In this paper the results of numerical analysis of the equilibrium configurations of charged particles (electrons), confined in a circular region by an infinite external potential at its boundary are presented. Equilibrium configurations with minimal energy are searched by means of special calculation scheme. This computational scheme consists of the following steps. First, the configuration of the system with the energy as close as possible to the expected energy value in the ground equilibrium state is found using a model of stable configurations. Next, classical Newtonian molecular dynamics is used using viscous friction to bring the system into equilibrium with a minimum energy. With a sufficient number of runs, we obtain a stable configuration with an energy value as close as possible to the global minimum energy value for the ground stable state for a given number of particles. Our results demonstrate a significant efficiency of using the method of classical molecular dynamics (MD) when using the interpolation formulas in comparison with algorithms based on Monte Carlo methods and global optimization. This approach makes it possible to significantly increase the speed at which an equilibrium configuration is reached for an arbitrarily chosen number of particles compared to the Metropolis annealing simulation algorithm and other algorithms based on global optimization methods.

For one-dimensional inhomogeneous (with respect to the spatial variable) linear parabolic equations, a combined approach is used, dividing the original problem into two subproblems. The first of them is an inhomogeneous one-dimensional Poisson problem with Dirichlet–Robin boundary conditions, the search for a solution of which is based on the Chebyshev collocation method. The method was developed based on previously published algorithms for solving ordinary differential equations, in which the solution is sought in the form of an expansion in Chebyshev polynomials of the 1st kind on Gauss–Lobatto grids, which allows the use of discrete orthogonality of polynomials. This approach turns out to be very economical and stable compared to traditional methods, which often lead to the solution of poorly defined systems of linear algebraic equations. In the described approach, the successful use of integration matrices allows complete elimination of the need to deal with ill-conditioned matrices.

The second, homogeneous problem of thermal conductivity is solved by the method of separation of variables. In this case, finding the expansion coefficients of the desired solution in the complete set of solutions to the corresponding Sturm–Liouville problem is reduced to calculating integrals of known functions. A simple technique for constructing Chebyshev interpolants of integrands allows to calculate the integrals by summing interpolation coefficients.

The analysis of trajectory dynamics and the solution of optimization problems using computer methods are relevant areas of research in dynamic population-migration models. In this paper, four-dimensional dynamic models describing the processes of competition and migration in ecosystems are studied. Firstly, we consider a modification of the “two competitors—two migration areas” model, which takes into account uniform intraspecific and interspecific competition in two populations as well as non-uniform bidirectional migration in both populations. Secondly, we consider a modification of the “two competitors—two migration areas” model, in which intraspecific competition is uniform and interspecific competition and bidirectional migration are non-uniform. For these two types of models, the study is carried out taking into account the variability of parameters. The problems of searching for model parameters based on the implementation of two optimality criteria are solved. The first criterion of optimality is associated with the fulfillment of such a condition for the coexistence of populations, which in mathematical form is the integral maximization of the functions product characterizing the populations densities. The second criterion of optimality involves checking the assumption of the such a four-dimensional positive vector existence, which will be a state of equilibrium. The algorithms developed on the basis of the first and second optimality criteria using the differential evolution method result in optimal sets of parameters for the studied population-migration models. The obtained sets of parameters are used to find positive equilibrium states and analyze trajectory dynamics. Using the method of constructing self-consistent one-step models and an automated stochastization procedure, the transition to the stochastic case is performed. The structural description and the possibility of analyzing two types of population-migration stochastic models are provided by obtaining Fokker–Planck equations and Langevin equations with corresponding coefficients. Algorithms for generating trajectories of the Wiener process, multipoint distributions and modifications of the Runge–Kutta method are used. A series of computational experiments is carried out using a specialized software package whose capabilities allow for the construction and analysis of dynamic models of high dimension, taking into account the evaluation of the stochastics influence. The trajectory dynamics of two types of population-migration models are investigated, and a comparative analysis of the results is carried out both in the deterministic and stochastic cases. The results can be used in the modeling and optimization of dynamic models in natural science.

There are two main approaches to the numerical solution of the eikonal equation: reducing it to a system of ODES (method of characteristics) and constructing specialized methods for the numerical solution of this equation in the form of a partial differential equation. The latter approach includes the FSM (Fast sweeping method) method. It is reasonable to assume that a specialized method should have greater versatility. The purpose of this work is to evaluate the applicability of the FSM method for constructing beams and fronts. The implementation of the FSM method in the Eikonal library of the Julia programming language was used. The method was used for numerical simulation of spherical lenses by Maxwell, Luneburg and Eaton. These lenses were chosen because their optical properties have been well studied. A special case of flat lenses was chosen as the easiest to visualize and interpret the results. The results of the calculations are presented in the form of images of fronts and rays for each of the lenses. From the analysis of the obtained images, it is concluded that the FSM method is well suited for constructing electromagnetic wave fronts. An attempt to visualize ray trajectories based on the results of his work encounters a number of difficulties and in some cases gives an incorrect visual picture.

In this paper, we study the effect of using the Metropolis–Hastings algorithm for sampling the integrand on the accuracy of calculating the value of the integral with the use of shallow neural network. In addition, a hybrid method for sampling the integrand is proposed, in which part of the training sample is generated by applying the Metropolis–Hastings algorithm, and the other part includes points of a uniform grid. Numerical experiments show that when integrating in high-dimensional domains, sampling of integrands both by the Metropolis–Hastings algorithm and by a hybrid method is more efficient with respect to the use of a uniform grid.

This work is the second part of a large bibliographic review of active queue management algorithms of the Random Early Detection (RED) family, presented in the scientific press from 1993 to 2023. This part provides data on algorithms published from 2006 to 2015.

The article presents the results of the evaluation of quartiles of scientific conferences presented by leading rating agencies. The estimates are based on the use of three methods of multivariate statistical analysis: linear regression, discriminant analysis and neural networks. A training sample was used for evaluation, including the following factors: age and frequency of the conference, number of participants and number of reports, publication activity of the conference organizers, citation of reports. As a result of the study, the linear regression model confirmed the correctness of the quartiles exposed for 77% of conferences, while the methods of neural networks and discriminant analysis gave similar results, confirming the correctness of the quartiles exposed for 81 and 85% of conferences, respectively.